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Reflection (computer programming)
In computer science, reflection is the ability of a computer program to examine (see type introspection) and modify its own structure and behavior (specifically the values, meta-data, properties and functions) at runtime.〔(A Tutorial on Behavioral Reflection and its Implementation by Jacques Malenfant et al. )〕
==Historical background==
The earliest computers were programmed in their native assembly language, which were inherently reflective as these original architectures could be programmed by defining instructions as data and using self-modifying code. As programming moved to higher-level languages such as C, this reflective ability disappeared (outside of malware) until programming languages with reflection built into their type systems appeared.
Brian Cantwell Smith's 1982 doctoral dissertation〔(Brian Cantwell Smith, Procedural Reflection in Programming Languages, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, PhD Thesis, 1982. )〕〔(Brian C. Smith. Reflection and semantics in a procedural language. Technical Report MIT-LCS-TR-272, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Mass., January 1982. )〕 introduced the notion of computational reflection in programming languages, and the notion of the meta-circular interpreter as a component of 3-Lisp.
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